The Greek Gift Sacrifice

Bxh7+ Kxh7 Ng5+ — the most famous attacking pattern in chess.

Colle System London System French Defense Any position with Bd3 + Nf3 vs Kg8

Key Positions

Classic setup: Bd3 + Nf3 + e3 — is the sacrifice on?

After Bxh7+ Kxh7 Ng5+: the queen swings to h5

Conditions for the sacrifice: Bg5 pins Nf6 — the h7 pawn is only defended by the king

Plans

Pattern Recognition

  • Bxh7+! The sacrifice requires: Bd3 on the h7 diagonal, Nf3 ready to go to g5, and a queen that can reach h5.
  • Kxh7 Ng5+ After the king takes, the knight jumps to g5 with check, opening the h-file.
  • Qh5 The queen arrives with devastating threats — Qxf7, Qh7#, or Nxe6 are all in the air.
  • Check the conditions: no ...Nf6 blocking g5, no ...Bg4 defending h5, king can't escape to g6 easily.

How to Execute

  • ...Kg8 (decline) Don't take! After ...Kg8, White has sacrificed a bishop for just two pawns.
  • ...Kg6 Sometimes the king can run to g6 and survive — if the queen has no quick route to h5.
  • Keep a knight on f6 and a pawn on h6 — these are the best defenders against the Greek Gift.
  • Watch for the sacrifice whenever your opponent has Bd3 + Nf3 and your king is on g8.

Key Principle

The Greek Gift requires three pieces working together: bishop sacrifices, knight delivers check, queen finishes. If any one is missing, the sacrifice probably doesn't work.

Test Your Knowledge

Question 1 of 3

What three pieces coordinate in the Greek Gift sacrifice?